The Information
Technology Act, 2000 (also known as ITA-2000, or the IT Act) is an Act of the Indian Parliament (No 21 of 2000)
notified on 17 October 2000. It is the primary law in India dealing with cybercrime and electronic commerce.
It is based on the United Nations Model
Law on Electronic Commerce 1996.
The bill was passed in the budget session of 2000 and signed
by President K. R. Narayanan on 9 May 2000. The bill was finalised by
group of officials headed by then Minister of
Information Technology Pramod Mahajan.
The
original Act contained 94 sections, divided in 19 chapters and 4 schedules. The laws apply to the whole
of India. Persons of other nationalities can also be indicted under the law, if
the crime involves a computer or network located in India.
The Act provides legal framework for
electronic governance by giving recognition to electronic records and digital signatures. The formation of
Controller of Certifying Authorities was directed by the Act, to regulation
issuing of digital signatures. It also defined cyber crimes and prescribed
penalties for them. It also established a Cyber Appellate Tribunal to resolve
disputes rising from this new law.
The Act also amended various sections
of Indian Penal Code, 1860, Indian Evidence Act, 1872, Banker's
Book Evidence Act, 1891, and Reserve
Bank of India Act, 1934 to
make them compliant with new technologies.
A major amendment was made in 2008. It introduced the Section
66A which penalised sending of "offensive messages". It also
introduced the Section 69, which gave authorities the power of
"interception or monitoring or decryption of any information through any
computer resource". It also introduced penalties for child porn, cyber terrorism and voyeurism. It was passed on 22 December 2008 which any debate in Lok Sabha. The
next day it was passed by the Rajya Sabha. It was signed by the President of 5
February 2009.
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